Carbon Trading
I'm not entirely sure I understand the direction of the negotiations in Copenhagen. It seems that they are trying to get everyone to agree to set caps on the amount of carbon that they can emit. But then they are having trouble because they have decided that they need to give aid to poorer nations and they are not sure how they will raise the funds required to give this aid. Nobody likes getting aid, it makes you feel dependent. It should not be necessary. If it seems that they need aid, then increase their carbon allocation and decrease the allocation given to richer countries. The poorer countries can then sell their excess allocations to the richer countries who otherwise might not be able to meet their targets. If structured properly there would be no problem getting poorer countries on side because it would be in their interests.
Allocations could be traded on say a yearly basis. If after selling some of its allocation, a country went over its remaining allocation the amount it went over would be deducted from its next years allocation. The country may also have a cap put on how many it can sell the next year.
In dealing with carbon emissions, developing countries are very important, not because of their emissions, but because they are developing. As they develop they need to build new infrastructure. This infrastructure can either be carbon emitting or not. In developed countries we have much higher per capita emissions, but our infrastructure is largely already built. It is not nearly as efficient to decommission an existing coal power plant and replace it with wind turbines as it is to build wind turbines instead of building a coal power plant. We may need to do some decommissioning as well, but as long as new coal power plants are being built there really isn't any point. The key is to get adequate economic incentives in place so that this happens.